Gas discharge tubes are sealed glass tubes consisting of a pair of electrodes filled with gas only to conduct when high voltage is applied across the electrodes. When there is a voltage spike, the gas is ionized, short-circuiting the energy away. Gas Discharge Tube Arresters (GDT) types can also be used to protect sensitive electrical circuit inputs from interference voltage transients that could be harmful. Gas discharge tubes disperse a tremendous amount of energy, making them an ideal choice for lightning surge protection, especially for telecommunications equipment.
Why Use a Gas Discharge Tube?
Gas discharge tubes are typically used as a surge protection aid and are the main element restricting the voltages across both electrical and electronic circuits. GDTs are ideal for effectively handling high current feeds, and at the same time, it maintains low capacitance and offers excellent insulation resistance.
GDT Arrestors Performance Characteristics
There are a few essential characteristics identified that need to be considered while choosing GDTs:
Capacitance Range
This is the ability of the gas discharge tube to hold the electrical charge. An effective GDT is supposed to have a very low capacitance.
Sparkover Voltage
This is known as the leading property defining GDT. This refers to the voltage at which breakdown will occur between the electrodes when a gradually increasing voltage is applied to the component. It depends on a few factors such as the electrode spacing, the pressure, the gas mixture’s properties, and the emissive substance.
Holdover Voltage
This type of voltage for which the gas tube was explicitly designed to function normally and safely.
Impulse Spark Over
This is the highest impulse voltage in the waveform, which can be achieved before the breakdown and conducts.
Discharge Current
This characteristic distinguishes Gas Discharge Tube Arresters (GDT) from other protection devices. It refers to the maximum current the device can repeatedly withstand without destroying or changing its primary specifications.
With such characteristics, you can quickly identify the GDT that you require for your applications.
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